UNASUR: Developments in the Defense Area

The article summarizes the last developments in South America towards a common defense area, referring to the history and origins of the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR).Fil: Gil, Luciana Victoria. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Argentinean Non-Tariff Barriers in MERCOSUR: Regulations and Politics in Trade Conflicts

Este artículo aborda las restricciones no arancelarias como problema constante en la agenda del MERCOSUR. Analiza la propia definición de restricción o barrera a nivel internacional, observando que dificulta su identificación y genera discusiones sobre su legitimidad, dos problemas que enfrentó la normativa del proceso de integración. En este marco, el artículo da cuenta de los principales conflictos surgidos a raíz de restricciones no arancelarias aplicadas por Argentina contra la importación de Brasil durante diez años. Evidencia que si tempranamente la normativa del MERCOSUR definió las restricciones como instrumentos ilegítimos en el proceso de integración, el escaso avance que hubo en el establecimiento de instrumentos regionales para abordarlas hizo que las restricciones se fueran naturalizando como parte del proceso. La insatisfacción tanto con los mecanismos de consultas regionales como con el sistema de solución de controversias hizo que la mayoría de aquellos conflictos fueran negociados de manera bilateral, perpetuándose un círculo vicioso entre la debilidad de aquellos instrumentos normativos regionales y la preferencia de los líderes nacionales por negociar las restricciones a nivel político.This article deals with non-tariff barriers as a permanent problem in MERCOSUR. First, it analyses the international definition of “barriers”, which creates difficulties to identify them and generates discussions on their legitimacy. It shows that MERCOSUR regulations faced also both problems. Second, the article addresses the main conflicts emerged from non-tariff barriers imposed by Argentina against Brazilian imports. It demonstrates that MERCOSUR regulations early defined non-tariff barriers as illegitimate instruments in the integration process, but because of the lack of effective regional mechanisms to deal with them, they became ordinary. The dissatisfaction of different agents with the performance of the consultative mechanisms and the regional court had as a consequence a bilateral approach to trade conflicts, perpetuating the relation among weak regional regulations and preferences of national leaders for political negotiations as a vicious cycle.Fil: Gil, Luciana Victoria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Marketing Plan ‘Ferretería Salvia S.L.’

Treball Final de Grau en Administració d'Empreses. Codi: AE1049. Curs 2019/2020Driven by subjects related to Marketing among which are 'Market Research', 'Operational Marketing' and especially 'Fundamentals of Marketing', and thanks to the support of my tutor, I have decided to make this marketing plan due to my interest in this subject. Firstly, I would like to clarify that although I have carried out the research on the company in its entirety, the objectives, strategies and actions of this particular marketing plan are based on the final customers, as the company has decided. The decisive power of the company is due to the close relationship I have with it, as it is my family business. On the other hand, I would like to mention that given the present uncertainty about when and how the situation will return to normal, this work has been developed before being aware of the socio-economic effects caused by the current pandemic virus COVID-19 and therefore is designed for a context in which such effects are omitted. However, after completing it I can confirm that taking into account the period in which the actions developed are expected to be applied, in most cases a normal course could be followed, although in an adapted version to this new reality. Once these two aspects have been clarified, 'Ferreteria Salvia S.L.', with more than 70 years of experience, is one of the model companies dedicated to the DIY (do it yourself) sector in the province of Castellón. Throughout the years it has also been introduced in the ceramic and agricultural sectors becoming also an industrial supplier as it is located in the heart of the ceramic triangle. This company is currently in a situation of adaptation to a changing environment in both economic and social aspects. Competing next to great leaders of the sector it tries to offer products and services of quality that exceed the expectations of the consumers. Through this project I have been able to get to know the company in depth internally and its environment by searching relevant information that has allowed me to carry out the appropriate analyses to determine the company's situation in the market in a broadest sense. All this has helped me to draw conclusions about the appropriate strategies to carry out the company's main objective: to increase its visibility

Using Audiovisual Materials for Teaching EFL in Secondary Education: A Corpus for the Design of Learning Activities

Este Trabajo de Fin de Máster se centra en el uso de materiales audiovisuales (tales como películas y series de televisión) como recursos didácticos para la enseñanza del Inglés como Lengua Extranjera, con el fin de mejorar su adquisición y la motivación del estudiante. Para esto se ha llevado a cabo una encuesta para conocer qué clase de contenidos los estudiantes de Educación Secundaria prefieren ver, aunque finalmente el foco ha sido puesto en el cuarto curso. Después, a partir de los resultados se ha compilado un corpus de fragmentos útiles (desde una perspectiva curricular) para este curso académico. En este trabajo se explicará la metodología usada para llevar a cabo este proyecto, además de los hallazgos y resultados obtenidos. En cuanto a los resultados, aunque en los apéndices se incluyen una serie de actividades basadas en los fragmentos del corpus, cinco fragmentos han sido finalmente seleccionados para desarrollar algunas actividades en profundidad. Estas actividades ayudarán a trabajar elementos gramaticales o ciertas temáticas relevantes para cuarto de Educación Secundaria, y además fomentarán la implicación y motivación del estudiante. This dissertation focuses on the use of audiovisual materials such as films and TV series as a learning resource in the EFL classroom to improve language acquisition and student motivation. For this, a survey has been created in order to know what kind of content Secondary Education students enjoy watching, although eventually the focus was put on the fourth year. Then, a corpus of fragments that could be appropriate for this academic year was compiled by making use of the results. In this dissertation the methodology used to carry out this project will be explained, aside from the findings during the process and the results obtained. Regarding the results, although in the Appendices a series of activities related to some of the fragments included in the corpus are proposed, I finally selected five fragments to develop some activities in depth. These will help work either form or content relevant to the fourth year’s curriculum and will promote student engagement.<br /

A Critical Reflection about the Teaching Learning Process and Practice

Reflexión Crítica sobre dos de los proyectos realizados en el Máster de Formación de Profesorado y relacionándolos con el período de prácticas realizado en un centro de Educación Secundaria

Impact of night-time symptoms in COPD : a real-world study in five European countries

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Teaching and Learning English as a Foreign Language through Multiple Intelligences

Nowadays, English is the most commonly spoken language all over the world. Actually, it is a subject that is being taught in almost every school of our country but not all of them do it in the same way. For instance, there are some that teach English as a foreign language (EFL) in a very traditional way while others are implementing new resources and strategies in order to improve learners’ level. One of the possibilities could be teaching EFL lessons through Multiple Intelligences (MI). This is a common option taken by many new-fangled methods but it can be done in many different ways. In this project I want to show one possibility called AMCO method which is based on innovation and focused on teaching English by reinforcing their emotional and social development and giving them tools in order to help them to become bright and multi-competent children. I have analysed in further detail this method not just thoroughly researching its resources but also observing it in a real AMCO classroom. After analysing it and taking Gardner´s MI theory into account, I have realized about many contradictions between them and afterwards, I have proposed suggestions for teaching EFL lessons for developing their full potential

Becoming a Teacher: A Critical Reflection on the Teaching-Learning Process

Master's Degree Final Dissertation. Modalidad A. Especialidad Lenguas Extranjeras

Teaching Vocabulary

Book analyses and a proposal to improve vocabulary teachin

A Study of Synthetic Phonics Teaching in Aragón

The way in which literacy is being taught in Spain has changed in the recent years. A Synthetic Phonics approach has very often been adapted from Britain to our Spanish schools. This study analyzes how this adaptation and implementation is being carried out in foreign language lessons and what is required in order to deliver effective literacy teaching. In doing so, a checklist and a questionnaire have been carried out in one British school as well as in three Spanish schools. All the literature read and analyzed, as well as the results obtained from the observations have enabled us to propose some improvements, which adapted to the context, will ensure high-quality and effective literacy teaching